Assyro-Babylonian refers to the civilizations and cultures of ancient Mesopotamia, specifically during periods when Assyria and Babylonia exerted significant political and cultural influence. It encompasses a broad range of disciplines, including language, literature, religion, art, architecture, law, and science, reflecting the intertwined histories and shared traditions of these two powerful empires. The Assyro-Babylonian period, spanning roughly from the late third millennium BCE to the mid-first millennium BCE, witnessed significant advancements in writing (cuneiform), mathematics, astronomy, and governance, leaving a lasting legacy on subsequent civilizations. This term is used to acknowledge their close cultural exchange and intermingling of their respective advancements in the Middle East. The term highlights the complex and dynamic relationship between the Assyrian and Babylonian empires, noting their periods of cooperation, competition, and assimilation, producing cultural and historical artifacts that both represent both societies. This amalgamation of cultures represents a pivotal period in human history, laying the foundations for many aspects of Western Civilization.
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