Atom

An atom is the basic unit of matter that defines a chemical element. It comprises a dense nucleus of protons and neutrons surrounded by a cloud of electrons. Atoms are incredibly small and incredibly numerous, responsible for all matter in the universe and determine all of its properties. They can combine with other atoms to form molecules, which, in turn, create various substances. Understanding the atom's structure and behavior is fundamental to chemistry, physics, and materials science.

Atom meaning with examples

• In chemistry class, we learned how atoms bond to form molecules, and how this dictates the properties of compounds like water and salt. The teacher showed a model with colored spheres representing different types of atoms like hydrogen and oxygen. He used this to explain the composition of the atom, from its electron cloud to its central nucleus.
• Scientists used advanced microscopy techniques to observe individual atoms for the first time. This breakthrough offered unprecedented insight into the structure of materials at the most fundamental level. The experiment helped determine the structure of many substances, in the study of matter and its transformation.
• The physicist explained that the behavior of atoms is governed by the laws of quantum mechanics, which differ significantly from the classical mechanics used in the macroscopic world. He demonstrated the atom's composition and behavior which included electron orbitals and its ability to exhibit wave-particle duality.
• Nuclear power plants harness energy released from the fission of atoms. The energy from the atom has huge potential to change the world if used responsibly. The reaction splits the atom's nucleus, releasing a vast amount of energy, which is then converted into electricity.