Clade

A clade, in the field of biological classification (taxonomy) and phylogenetics, refers to a group of organisms, encompassing a common ancestor and all of its descendants. This includes both living and extinct species, presenting a monophyletic group, where all members share a single, unique, evolutionary origin. Clades are represented in phylogenetic trees (cladograms) using branching diagrams, where each branch represents a lineage of evolution, with the branching points denoting common ancestors. Analyzing DNA sequences and morphological features helps determine evolutionary relationships, identify clades, and establish the branching patterns within a tree that represents the evolutionary history of the organisms.

Clade meaning with examples

• Scientists used genetic analysis to confirm the monophyletic nature of the mammalian clade. This revealed that all mammals, including humans, whales, and bats, originated from a shared ancestor. This study solidified the evolutionary link between the diverse group. Their findings allowed for a revision of the taxonomic system based on shared, derived characteristics.
• The ornithologist used DNA sequences to understand the bird clade, this proved the existence of a well-defined avian clade. The analysis placed all known bird species within a single, easily identified group. This facilitated the understanding of birds in different orders and families. The scientist found a stronger understanding of species relatedness, which helped inform conservation efforts.
• Paleontologists used fossil evidence to identify the dinosaur clade, which includes all dinosaurs and their descendants, including birds. Discoveries of specific fossil traits helped determine the evolutionary connections and understand branching patterns, placing species along the evolutionary timeline. This helped confirm the lineage from the archosaurs. This study confirmed evolutionary understanding.
• Based on shared physical characteristics, the research team identified a new clade of flowering plants. This group's specific traits separated it from other families and orders. Morphological and molecular data were combined to map the evolutionary development, showing the branching evolution. It was useful for understanding evolutionary history, facilitating the mapping of flowering plants.