Cyanobacterium

A cyanobacterium (plural: cyanobacteria), formerly known as blue-green algae, is a phylum of bacteria that obtain their energy through photosynthesis. They are aquatic and photosynthetic, meaning they live in water and convert sunlight into chemical energy. Cyanobacteria played a crucial role in oxygenating Earth's atmosphere billions of years ago. They are remarkably diverse, existing as single cells or forming colonies, and found in various habitats, from oceans and freshwater to extreme environments. Some can fix nitrogen, converting atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms for other organisms. They produce a range of bioactive compounds, and some species produce harmful toxins.

Cyanobacterium meaning with examples

• In a lake environment, scientists might study the bloom of cyanobacteria, investigating the environmental factors that promote their rapid growth, possibly leading to harmful algal blooms. This involves examining water samples for cell counts, nutrient levels, and the production of toxins by certain species, which can impact aquatic life.
• Researchers analyzing samples from ancient rock formations often search for fossilized cyanobacteria, providing valuable insights into the evolution of photosynthesis and the early history of life on Earth, as the presence of cyanobacteria would also indicate oxygen's existence during that time.
• Farmers can benefit from understanding the role of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria in paddy fields. These organisms naturally convert nitrogen into a usable form for rice plants, potentially reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers, contributing to more sustainable agriculture practices.
• In the field of biotechnology, scientists explore the potential of cyanobacteria to produce biofuels. These organisms can convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates and other organic molecules that can be processed into sustainable energy sources, offering an alternative solution.