Endothermic

Endothermic describes a process or reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings, usually in the form of heat. This absorption of energy results in a decrease in the temperature of the immediate environment. endothermic reactions require an input of energy to proceed and are characterized by a positive change in enthalpy (ΔH > 0). Common examples include melting, evaporation, and the dissolving of certain salts in water. The term contrasts with exothermic processes, which release energy into the surroundings. Understanding endothermic reactions is crucial in fields like chemistry, biology, and engineering, as they play vital roles in various natural and industrial processes.

Endothermic meaning with examples

• When ice melts, it's an endothermic process. The ice absorbs heat from the surrounding air to change from solid to liquid, thus decreasing the temperature. This demonstrates how energy is absorbed in order to accomplish the change of state. This simple example helps us understand the basic energy requirements.
• Photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy, is an endothermic reaction. Plants absorb sunlight to transform carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The sun provides energy to power the reaction that is required for plant growth. This complex process shows energy absorption at its peak.
• The formation of a nitrogen oxide from nitrogen gas and oxygen gas is an endothermic reaction. This reaction requires a significant amount of energy, often from an electrical spark or high heat, to break the strong bonds and form new ones. This reaction occurs in the atmosphere when lightning strikes.
• Mixing certain salts, like ammonium chloride, with water causes an endothermic process. The salt absorbs heat from the water, resulting in a cooling effect. This is why some instant cold packs utilize these salts. The demonstration of temperature drop explains the process.
• In a laboratory, the cracking of hydrocarbons is an endothermic reaction. This process requires high temperatures to break larger hydrocarbon molecules into smaller ones. This reaction is essential in oil refining and the production of various chemical compounds. Cracking demonstrates industrial use.