Essentialist

An **Essentialist** is an individual who believes that things have an underlying and immutable essence or set of properties that define what they are. This perspective suggests that certain characteristics are fundamental and unchangeable, dictating the true nature of a person, object, or concept. Essentialists often prioritize inherent qualities over acquired traits, seeing the latter as secondary or superficial. This view can be applied to various domains, including biology, gender, race, culture, and philosophical concepts. They often believe in clear and distinct categories, and that these categories determine one's behavior and value. Essentialism often stands in contrast to perspectives emphasizing social construction, nurture over nature, or the fluidity of identity and meaning. They believe a true understanding can only come from the core essence.

Essentialist meaning with examples

• An Essentialist might argue that a person's inherent 'kindness' is the most important and defining feature, despite how they behave sometimes. This person would see temporary anger or selfishness as deviations from their core nature. The essential qualities of the individual override their actions at times.
• In debates about gender, an Essentialist would maintain that there are fundamental differences between men and women, based on intrinsic biological or psychological essences. This contrasts with those that believe gender is a social construct.
• When judging a work of art, an Essentialist might focus on whether it captures the 'true' essence of beauty or expresses some fundamental truth. They would value the artwork that expresses this internal essence.
• Concerning national identity, an Essentialist might believe that there is a core set of traits, values, and history that define what it means to be a member of that nation. This contrasts with perspectives emphasizing multiculturalism.
• An Essentialist analyzing scientific theories might prioritize those that attempt to uncover the underlying essence of matter and force, rather than the more fluid and complex theories that embrace dynamic systems. These fundamental features of nature become the main study.