Externally-powered

An adjective describing a device, system, or mechanism that derives its operational energy from a source located outside of itself. This contrasts with self-powered or internally-powered systems. The external power source can manifest in various forms, including electricity from a grid, hydraulic or pneumatic pressure lines, or even mechanical input from an external engine. The defining characteristic is the reliance on an external entity for sustained functionality. This dependence often implies limitations on portability and autonomy but frequently allows for greater power output and continuous operation.

Externally-powered meaning with examples

• The factory's heavy-duty machinery is exclusively externally-powered. Each machine is hardwired to the power grid, guaranteeing consistent operational performance for the manufacturing line. This is different than the portable tools, which rely on batteries or small internal combustion engines, as the machines require consistent high amperage to function which are often powered by external energy sources such as hydro, wind, or nuclear energy.
• Large-scale water pumps used in irrigation systems are often externally-powered, drawing energy from electric motors connected to the main power supply. This setup ensures high-volume water delivery over extended periods, which is usually achieved by a pump system relying on a vast distribution grid for maximum operational capacity. Without an external power source, maintaining the constant pressure to sustain the water flow would prove inefficient.
• The modern pacemaker is an internally-powered device with a limited battery lifespan, yet the early prototypes of pacemakers were externally-powered. A bulky generator had to be connected to the patient through leads, which provided a continuous electric current that, when turned on, stimulated the patient's heart. That was an early externally-powered system that was clunky, unreliable, and greatly changed the medical field.
• The automated assembly line uses externally-powered robotic arms. These robots are connected to the electrical grid and are controlled by a central computer system. This setup requires the machine to have high continuous voltage, and allows for precise and repetitive movements to streamline the production process. Without its reliance on the electric grid, the system would not achieve the speed or consistency necessary for its function.