Glucagon

Glucagon is a peptide hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas. It plays a crucial role in maintaining blood glucose homeostasis. When blood sugar levels drop too low (hypoglycemia), glucagon is released, signaling the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose (glycogenolysis) and release it into the bloodstream, thus raising blood glucose levels. This counteracts the effects of insulin. glucagon also stimulates gluconeogenesis, the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like amino acids. Its absence or dysfunction can lead to severe metabolic disorders.

Glucagon meaning with examples

• During a marathon, a runner's blood sugar can drop. Their body releases glucagon to tap into glycogen stores and maintain energy levels.
• Patients with diabetes, especially those using insulin, might experience hypoglycemia. A glucagon injection can quickly reverse this dangerous situation by increasing blood sugar.
• A ketogenic diet restricts carbohydrates, potentially leading to lower blood sugar. The body responds by producing glucagon to help maintain blood glucose levels.
• In newborns, inadequate glucose production can occur, triggering glucagon release to prevent critically low blood sugar levels.
• After fasting overnight, your liver relies on glucagon's effect on glycogen breakdown to keep glucose readily available for your body.