Groupthink

Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon in which the desire for harmony or conformity within a group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome. It involves individuals suppressing dissenting opinions, self-censoring their doubts, and maintaining a false sense of unanimity. This often leads to a lack of critical evaluation, poor problem-solving, and the overlooking of alternative viewpoints, ultimately leading to flawed decisions. The cohesiveness of the group often takes precedence over realistic appraisal of the situation.

Groupthink meaning with examples

• In the lead-up to the Bay of Pigs invasion, President Kennedy's advisors, eager to avoid conflict and appear unified, suppressed their doubts about the CIA's plan. This fostered groupthink, leading to a disastrous outcome and a failed invasion. No one spoke out against the plan as they did not want to go against the group.
• A company's marketing team, striving for consensus on a new product launch campaign, dismissed data suggesting potential market resistance. This led to groupthink, because they were afraid to be seen as disagreeing. Consequently, the product failed to resonate with consumers, resulting in significant financial losses for the company.
• During a board meeting, the committee readily accepted a risky investment plan without thoroughly examining the underlying data. Individual members, reluctant to challenge the prevailing consensus, fell victim to groupthink. The investment went south, and everyone lost everything.
• A jury, determined to reach a quick verdict and eager to conclude deliberations, might exhibit groupthink. Members, pressured by the desire for conformity, may suppress their doubts about the evidence, even if inconsistencies exist, leading to an unjust outcome. This happens when members fear being excluded.