Infix

In linguistics, an infix is a type of affix that is inserted within a word, rather than at the beginning (prefix) or end (suffix). This morphological process alters the meaning or grammatical function of the base word. Infixation is relatively rare in English but is more common in other languages, such as Tagalog and certain Semitic languages, where it primarily serves to convey tense, aspect, or plurality.

Infix meaning with examples

• In Tagalog, the verb 'sulat' (to write) can be infixed as 'sumulat', where the infix '-um-' indicates the actor's focus. This morphological change is crucial in forming different tenses and aspects, showcasing how infixes carry significant meaning in the structure of a word, illustrating the flexibility and richness of language morphology.
• The English language occasionally employs playful infixation in slang, demonstrated by the insertion of 'bloody' as in 'abso-bloody-lutely.' This informal use of infixes highlights the creativity in colloquial speech, showing how linguistic rules can be bent for emphasis or humor while capturing the listener's attention and enhancing engagement.
• Infixes can also be found in certain constructed languages, such as Tok Pisin, where the base word 'pait' (to fight) can change to 'pumait' to indicate a more intense action. Such infixation serves as a linguistic tool that allows speakers to convey nuances of meaning, demonstrating the adaptability and inventiveness of human communication.
• The study of infixes provides insights into the nature of language construction and transformation, contributing to our understanding of morphological patterns. For example, in the word 'im-betweenness,' the infix '-bet-' emphasizes the notion of being in a state between extremes, reflecting how infixes can enhance meaning and create complexity in word formation.