Invaginated

Invaginated describes something folded inward to create a pocket or pouch-like structure. This typically involves a surface or membrane turning in on itself, resembling a glove being turned inside out. It's often used in biological contexts, referring to structures or processes within cells, tissues, or organisms. The resulting 'invagination' can serve various purposes, such as creating more surface area for absorption, forming protective enclosures, or facilitating cellular processes. The degree of invagination can range from a slight inward curve to a complete inward folding.

Invaginated meaning with examples

• During embryonic development, the gastrula stage showcases an invaginated blastula, forming the primitive gut. This crucial process sets the stage for complex organ development. The cells on one side of the blastula fold inward, eventually creating the archenteron, the precursor to the digestive tract.
• The cell membrane of intestinal cells is often highly invaginated. These microscopic folds, known as microvilli, dramatically increase the surface area available for nutrient absorption from digested food, thereby improving efficiency in digestion.
• In certain types of cellular endocytosis, the cell membrane becomes invaginated around a particle, eventually forming a vesicle that engulfs the particle for ingestion or breakdown. This is a vital mechanism for cellular uptake.
• The development of a new bone occurs with specific cells invaginating to create spaces and structures in the surrounding bone material to support the growth of bone.
• The specific cell membrane folds or invaginations found within kidney nephrons play an important role in the filtration, reabsorption, and excretion of fluid, nutrients, and waste products.