Lollard

A member of a late 14th-century and early 15th-century religious movement that arose in England and was inspired by the teachings of John Wycliffe. Lollards advocated for the translation of the Bible into the vernacular, rejected papal authority, criticized the wealth and corruption of the clergy, and denied transubstantiation. Their beliefs emphasized personal piety, simple living, and a direct relationship with God. Despite facing persecution and suppression, Lollards influenced later reformers and contributed to the development of Protestant thought. They played an important part in pre-Reformation movements.

Lollard meaning with examples

• The lollard movement gained considerable momentum during the reign of Richard II, attracting followers from various social strata. These dissenters challenged established religious doctrines, especially the importance of rituals. Their sermons and writings, often clandestine, aimed at reforming the church and restoring what they saw as its true spiritual purpose, impacting English society deeply and creating fear among the establishment.
• Historians continue to debate the precise nature and extent of lollard influence across England. Some scholars believe the movement was more widespread than contemporary accounts suggest, while others emphasize its limited appeal. Regardless, their advocacy for scripture led to the translation of the Bible, which was a radical act in the time. Persecution, by both the secular and religious establishment, was common among those found.
• The Lollard's rejection of the church's control and wealth alarmed the aristocracy. Though there were many supporters amongst the public, the movement ultimately faded due to a combination of government repression and doctrinal divisions. Nonetheless, lollard principles of religious reform and textual authority laid the groundwork for the later Protestant Reformation, influencing thinkers and reformers significantly.
• Many accused of Lollardy faced trials and punishment, from imprisonment to execution. The Lollards' emphasis on personal faith and scriptural interpretation, combined with their criticism of the Catholic Church, threatened the existing social order. Their legacy, although often forgotten, remains important, providing an example of resistance and religious fervor in a pre-Reformation England.