Mutation

Mutation refers to a change in the DNA sequence of an organism, which can result in a distinct characteristic or trait. Mutations can occur naturally or be induced by environmental factors, and they play a crucial role in evolution and biological diversity. Some mutations are beneficial, while others may be harmful or neutral to the organism's fitness.

Mutation meaning with examples

• In the field of genetics, a mutation can significantly impact an organism's phenotype, such as a change in color, size, or resistance to disease. For instance, a mutation in a plant's genetic code may make it more resilient to pests, offering a greater chance of survival in its ecosystem over generations.
• The process of mutation is essential for the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. When exposed to antibiotics, certain bacteria may undergo mutations that enable them to survive despite the presence of the drug, leading to the emergence of strains that are more challenging to treat.
• In cancer research, scientists study mutations in tumor cells to understand how they contribute to the disease's progression. By identifying specific mutations, targeted therapies can be developed to treat certain types of cancer more effectively, improving patient outcomes and survival rates.
• Evolutionary biologists often examine mutations to understand the mechanisms of natural selection. For example, a beneficial mutation in a species might allow it to exploit new food resources, leading to increased reproductive success and the eventual dominance of that trait in the population.