Neo-impressionism

Neo-Impressionism was a late 19th-century art movement characterized by the systematic application of tiny, distinct dots of pure color, known as Pointillism, and the use of complementary colors to create optical effects. It evolved from Impressionism but rejected its spontaneity, aiming for a more scientific approach to color theory and composition. The artists sought to achieve a greater degree of luminosity and harmony through the meticulous arrangement of these tiny dots. They often depicted landscapes, seascapes, and figures in scenes of everyday life.

Neo-impressionism meaning with examples

• Georges Seurat's 'A Sunday on La Grande Jatte' is a quintessential example of Neo-Impressionist art, showcasing the painstaking application of pointillist dots to create depth, light, and form. The painting's calm and organized composition distinguishes it from the more immediate and expressive approach of the Impressionists. His technique, using small distinct dots of primary colours that blend in the viewers eyes, is the cornerstone of this art movement.
• Vincent van Gogh, though later developing his own distinctive style, was influenced by neo-impressionism, particularly in his earlier works where he experimented with pointillist techniques and vibrant color palettes. His interest in the movement lasted a year before changing to Post-Impressionism. Van Gogh wanted to portray the scenes he was painting with more emotion, breaking away from the technicality of neo-impressionism and his use of small dots of color.
• The scientific underpinnings of neo-impressionism, derived from the theories of Michel Eugène Chevreul and Ogden Rood, significantly influenced the development of art. Artists like Paul Signac rigorously applied color theory principles to create paintings that aimed to stimulate the viewer's optical experience, enhancing the emotional impact of the artwork and setting the stage for color theory in following generations.
• Critics initially dismissed Neo-Impressionism's pointillism and its meticulously planned compositions as sterile and lacking the vitality of Impressionism. However, the movement's focus on scientific principles and optical effects ultimately gained recognition. This technicality and adherence to color theory and light made neo-impressionism a lasting and influential art movement in the 19th and 20th centuries.