Neo-Scholasticism

Neo-Scholasticism refers to a philosophical and theological movement that emerged in the late 19th century, primarily within the Catholic Church, as a revival and reinterpretation of Scholasticism, particularly the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas. It emphasizes reason, logic, and the systematic analysis of philosophical and theological concepts. It sought to provide a robust intellectual defense of traditional Catholic doctrines against the perceived challenges of modern philosophy and science. Central tenets include the acceptance of objective truth, the importance of natural law, and the compatibility of faith and reason. Key figures included Cardinals Mercier and Billot. It is characterized by a systematic and hierarchical approach to knowledge.

Neo-Scholasticism meaning with examples

• The resurgence of Neo-Scholasticism was a direct response to the perceived threats of secularism and modernism in the late 1800s. Its proponents sought to reassert the value of Thomistic philosophy, especially the reconciliation of faith and reason in a world where it was being questioned. The movement had great influence in seminaries and universities.
• Critics of Neo-Scholasticism often pointed to its rigid adherence to dogma and its perceived resistance to scientific advancements. However, its proponents saw it as a necessary bulwark against the relativism and skepticism prevalent in modern thought. It was a way to defend beliefs from the Enlightenment.
• Pope Leo XIII's encyclical *Aeterni Patris* played a pivotal role in promoting Neo-Scholasticism, urging the revival of Thomistic philosophy as the official philosophical basis for Catholic theology. This provided guidance and a mandate to spread its principles.
• Many historians consider the rise of Neo-Scholasticism as an important intellectual movement, influencing Catholic thought and education throughout the 20th century. It offered a strong basis and solid foundations for understanding the nature of the world and our place in it.
• The philosophical principles of Neo-Scholasticism had a profound impact on Catholic social teaching, particularly in addressing issues of justice, ethics, and the common good. The use of natural law and the consideration of the 'common good' are at its core.