Describing a good, service, or resource whose consumption by one person does not diminish its availability to another. In simpler terms, the use of the item by one individual doesn't prevent or reduce its usage by others. This contrasts with rival goods, which, by their nature, can only be consumed or used by one person or entity at a time. Non-rivalrousness is a crucial concept in economics, particularly in understanding public goods and the efficient allocation of resources. The good's value doesn't decrease with increased consumption, making it accessible and beneficial to many simultaneously.
Non-rival meaning with examples
- The internet is largely non-rival; many people can access the same website or information simultaneously without impacting each other's experience. Downloading a free ebook does not stop others from accessing it. This contrasts with a slice of pizza.
- National defense is a classic example; protecting one citizen does not diminish the protection available to others. Its benefit is not lessened by the number of beneficiaries. Unlike purchasing an exclusive private security guard.
- A software license for an open-source program is non-rival. Countless users can utilize the code, modify, and distribute it, without affecting other users' capabilities. Unlike buying a single copy of a movie on DVD.
- Broadcast radio or television signals are non-rival; numerous listeners and viewers can tune in without interfering with the others. Access isn't reduced or diminished by the overall amount of viewers. Differently, to an individual ticket for a concert.
- Artistic creations like knowledge disseminated through scientific papers or public art installations are frequently non-rival. One person's appreciation does not preclude others' from enjoying the same artwork. Differently from a private art purchase.