Phrases

Phrases are distinct, self-contained units of language, typically shorter than a sentence, that convey a specific idea or serve a grammatical function. They are formed by combining words and can act as nouns, verbs, adjectives, or adverbs within a sentence. A phrase may lack a subject and/or verb, distinguishing it from a complete clause or sentence. The meaning of a phrase is derived from the combined meaning of its constituent words and their grammatical relationships. phrases add nuance and complexity to written and spoken communication, allowing for concise expression and the building of more elaborate sentences. Effective use of phrases contributes significantly to clarity, rhythm, and overall impact of the language used.

Phrases meaning with examples

• The *running dog* barked incessantly. The phrase 'running dog' is used metaphorically to convey a sense of contempt. She learned *to speak French fluently*. The adverbial phrase clarifies how she learned. The team celebrated their win *with great joy and enthusiasm*. This prepositional phrase adds detail. The detective found a clue, *hidden in the drawer*. This participial phrase modifies 'clue'. *After the storm*, we assessed the damage. This introductory adverbial phrase sets the scene.
• He enjoyed *a cup of steaming coffee*. The noun phrase functions as the direct object. The artist sketched *a detailed portrait of the queen*. This noun phrase is modified. The instruction manual described the procedure *in clear terms*. This adverbial phrase reveals. She walked *across the busy street* very cautiously. The prepositional phrase tells us. He started his marathon *with high hopes and optimism*. This is a prepositional phrase providing context.
• She bought *a house with a large garden*. The phrase describes what was bought. They are currently *in the middle of a project*. It describes the timing of the project. *Despite the rain*, the picnic proceeded. This phrase is used as a sentence element. *Having finished his work*, he went home. A participial phrase modifying the subject. *The old, red car* is very noisy. This noun phrase is the subject of the sentence.
• She went to *the bustling city center* to shop. This is a noun phrase. The cat, *sitting on the windowsill*, watched the birds. The participial phrase describes the cat. He spoke *with great passion and conviction*. This adverbial phrase shows the style of speaking. *During the summer months*, the park is filled. The prepositional phrase is adverbial. The team practiced *under the watchful eye of their coach*. This adverbial phrase offers more detail.
• The detective analyzed *the enigmatic clue found at the scene*. The phrase adds detail. She felt *a sudden rush of adrenaline*. This noun phrase represents the feeling. He worked *until the late hours of the night*. The adverbial phrase modifies the verb. *Before the meeting begins*, please review the agenda. This introductory adverbial phrase sets the scene. He enjoys *reading science fiction* in his spare time. The gerund phrase functions as a noun.