Plasticizer

A plasticizer is a substance added to a synthetic resin or plastic to increase its flexibility, workability, or distensibility. They typically work by embedding themselves between the polymer chains, increasing the space between them and reducing intermolecular forces, which consequently lowers the glass transition temperature (Tg) making the material more pliable and less brittle. Commonly used plasticizers include phthalates, adipates, and citrates, though concerns regarding phthalates' potential health effects have led to the development of alternative plasticizers. Selection depends on the intended application and the desired material properties.

Plasticizer meaning with examples

• PVC, often rigid, is made flexible by adding plasticizers like phthalates, making it suitable for items like vinyl flooring and tubing. Without a plasticizer, PVC would be much more brittle and prone to cracking.
• The addition of a plasticizer to rubber can improve its elasticity and ability to stretch and return to its original shape, which is vital for seals and gaskets used in the automotive industry.
• In the manufacture of children's toys, non-toxic plasticizers, such as citrates, are used to enhance the flexibility and durability of the material while ensuring safety from harmful chemicals.
• Ink manufacturers employ plasticizers to improve the flow and spread of the ink on various surfaces and to improve its adhesion to the material being printed on.