Supercooled

Supercooled describes a substance, typically a liquid, that has been cooled below its freezing point without solidifying. This phenomenon occurs when the orderly arrangement of molecules necessary for crystallization is disrupted, preventing the formation of a solid structure. Supercooling is a metastable state, meaning the substance is thermodynamically unstable and may crystallize or solidify if perturbed by factors such as seeding, shock, or the introduction of impurities. The extent to which a substance can be supercooled depends on factors including purity, cooling rate, and pressure. The process often results in unusual and often aesthetically pleasing crystal structures.

Supercooled meaning with examples

• The experiment's focus was water, which under ideal, controlled conditions, can become supercooled, remaining a liquid far below its usual freezing point. However, adding a tiny ice crystal caused instant crystallization, resulting in a frozen block. The scientists observed the immediate impact of the "seed" upon the metastable liquid.
• While observing the effects of wind on the mountains, the meteorologist noted the phenomenon of supercooled rain, forming ice on contact with the already cold ground. This created hazardous road conditions and contributed to localized power outages. The freezing rain's supercooled droplets turned to solid ice.
• The laboratory utilized the principles of supercooled liquids to form innovative, strong materials. Researchers studied how variations in pressure and cooling rates influenced crystal growth in supercooled molten metals, which lead to enhanced structural integrity. Their work expanded the possibilities of material science.
• During the flight, the airplane encountered a cloud filled with supercooled droplets of water. These water droplets, despite being below freezing temperature, remained liquid and crystalized as ice on the aircraft’s wings when disrupted, highlighting the hazards posed by the atmospheric conditions.