Suprahyoid

The term 'suprahyoid' (pronounced /ˈsuːprəˈhaɪɔɪd/) describes a group of muscles located superior (above) to the hyoid bone in the neck. These muscles play a crucial role in various functions, including swallowing, speech, and chewing. They connect the hyoid bone to the mandible (jaw), the skull base, and the tongue. Their primary action involves elevating the hyoid bone, depressing the mandible (opening the mouth), and contributing to the stabilization of the hyoid, providing a stable base for the tongue. Furthermore, they assist in tongue movement and are essential for coordinated actions within the oral cavity and pharynx. Functionally, they are categorized as anteriorly positioned, meaning they're located towards the front of the neck.

Suprahyoid meaning with examples

• During swallowing, the suprahyoid muscles contract in a coordinated sequence, lifting the hyoid bone, which, in turn, initiates the epiglottis closing over the trachea, preventing food from entering the airway. This allows for the bolus to move down into the esophagus.
• In speech production, the precise control of the suprahyoid muscles facilitates the articulation of sounds. They assist in elevating the hyoid and manipulating the position of the larynx and pharynx, shaping vocalizations by controlling movement of the tongue.
• Clinicians often assess suprahyoid muscle function to diagnose conditions like dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). Weakness or incoordination in these muscles can lead to swallowing problems and choking.
• Surgical procedures in the neck may affect the suprahyoid muscles, potentially impacting speech, swallowing, and even facial expressions, depending on the specific muscles involved in any given surgery.
• The force generated by the contraction of suprahyoid muscles is important in chewing. Working together with other muscles of mastication, these muscles help lower the mandible to make room for the breaking down of food.