Vitalism

Vitalism is a defunct biological theory that posits that living organisms are fundamentally different from non-living entities because they contain some non-physical element or "vital principle" that governs their organization, growth, and function. This principle, often considered a life force or élan vital, is believed to be irreducible to purely physical or chemical processes, separating living organisms from inert matter. It stands in contrast to the mechanistic view, which explains biological phenomena solely through physical laws.

Vitalism meaning with examples

• Early scientists who clung to vitalism believed that organic compounds couldn't be synthesized from inorganic ones. They posited that a mysterious 'vital force' was required, hindering experimental attempts to create life in a lab. Eventually, advancements in organic chemistry disproved this concept.
• Some proponents of traditional medicine lean on vitalism, believing that health is maintained by balancing this vital principle. They may attribute illness to disruptions in this force, utilizing practices intended to restore harmony and correct the imbalance to the natural order of the vital force.
• The concept of vitalism provided a framework to understand self-healing. It described organisms as having an innate tendency toward wholeness and repair. Many philosophers considered this theory's relevance to the ability of some organisms to overcome injury.
• During the 19th century, vitalism was prevalent. Proponents often invoked a supernatural life force to explain the complexity of living systems, which helped them understand the relationship between inorganic and organic matter.
• Although now largely discredited, the historical influence of vitalism shaped early biological thought and continues to resonate in some fields. It helped scientists understand the inherent differences between the living and the nonliving.