Immunogen

An immunogen is any substance capable of eliciting an immune response in a host organism. This response involves the activation of the immune system, leading to the production of antibodies and/or the activation of immune cells like T lymphocytes, to recognize and neutralize or eliminate the immunogen. The immunogenic capacity of a substance is influenced by factors such as its size, chemical composition, complexity, and route of administration. A strong immunogen will usually provoke a robust and lasting immune response, whilst a weak immunogen may cause a muted response.

Immunogen meaning with examples

• The new vaccine against influenza contains inactivated virus particles acting as an immunogen. These particles, when introduced into the body, stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies specific to the flu virus, which can prevent or lessen the severity of future infections.
• Scientists are studying the use of synthetic peptides as immunogens to create vaccines against cancer. These peptides mimic tumor-specific antigens, triggering an immune response that targets and destroys cancer cells, with promising clinical trial results.
• Food allergens, such as peanuts and shellfish, are potent immunogens for susceptible individuals. Upon ingestion, they trigger an excessive immune response, resulting in the release of histamine and other inflammatory molecules, which causes allergic reactions.
• Bacterial polysaccharides, found in the cell walls of many bacteria, serve as immunogens. They are often used in the development of vaccines against bacterial infections, stimulating antibody production that can neutralize the bacteria.