Pericarp

The pericarp is the fruit wall that develops from the ovary of a flowering plant, enclosing and protecting the seeds. It is the mature ovary wall, which can be composed of one or more layers and exhibit a variety of textures, colors, and thicknesses depending on the plant species. The pericarp plays a crucial role in seed dispersal, offering protection against environmental factors and aiding in the transportation of seeds to new locations. It also provides nutrients to the developing seeds and contributes to the fruit's overall appearance and edibility.

Pericarp meaning with examples

• The vibrant red pericarp of the tomato protects the numerous seeds within. During ripening, the tomato's pericarp softens, becoming juicy and sweet, facilitating animal consumption and seed dispersal. Botanists study the pericarp's development to understand fruit evolution and the impact of environmental factors on fruit characteristics. Gardeners examine the pericarp for signs of disease and the ripening stages of the fruit.
• The tough, leathery pericarp of the coconut provides a protective barrier against the ocean's harsh conditions. The pericarp's fibrous layers aid in buoyancy, helping the coconut float and spread across vast distances. The pericarp also offers the coconut a tough outer layer preventing the coconut from being easily broken. The thick pericarp gives the coconut its resistance.
• The pericarp of the pea pod encloses the peas. The pericarp dries and splits open to release the mature seeds when the pod matures. Farmers evaluate the pea pericarp for its disease resistance and ease of harvesting. The pericarp's color and texture is an indicator of the pea's age and quality.
• In citrus fruits, the pericarp is often divided into three layers: the exocarp (outer peel), the mesocarp (the white, spongy layer), and the endocarp (the sections containing the juicy pulp). Each layer of the citrus pericarp provides a specific function, from protection to nutrient storage. Citrus breeders select for desirable pericarp characteristics, such as peel thickness, to improve fruit quality.
• The fleshy pericarp of a peach surrounds and protects the single, hard seed. The peach pericarp is a major source of carbohydrates, water and vitamins. Consumers appreciate the soft texture and sweetness of the peach pericarp. Farmers choose the pericarp properties based on flavor, yield, and resilience.