Subalterns

Subalterns, plural of subaltern, refers to individuals in a subordinate position, often in the military or a hierarchical organization. This term denotes those ranked below higher authorities, lacking significant power or influence. Historically, it has been used to describe junior military officers, but its application extends to any group marginalized or oppressed within a power structure. The concept of 'subaltern' has gained prominence in postcolonial studies and critical theory, where it signifies the voices and experiences of those excluded from mainstream narratives and historical accounts. Analyzing the experiences of subalterns involves examining their marginalization, their resistance to dominant power, and the ways in which they negotiate their position within a hierarchical society. The term underscores the importance of recognizing diverse perspectives and challenging dominant ideologies to create a more inclusive understanding of history and social structures.

Subalterns meaning with examples

• During the colonial era, Indian sepoys, though serving in the British army, were considered subalterns, their voices largely unheard in the decision-making processes. Their experiences, struggles, and perspectives were often ignored in official histories, highlighting the power imbalance. They faced discrimination and were restricted in their opportunities for advancement.
• In many large corporations, junior employees and entry-level workers often function as subalterns, carrying out tasks and following directives with limited ability to shape company policy or direction. Their opinions and needs are frequently overlooked, contributing to a sense of powerlessness and marginalization within the organization.
• The historian focused on the lives of female factory workers during the industrial revolution, revealing how their experiences, as subalterns within the workforce, were crucial to understanding the era’s social dynamics. Their stories of hardship, resilience, and struggle challenged dominant historical narratives.
• Postcolonial studies explores how marginalized communities and previously colonized people, the subalterns in global power structures, have narratives erased from mainstream accounts. This focus allows us to reclaim their histories and challenge Eurocentric views.
• In political movements, subalterns often form the backbone of grassroots activism, advocating for their rights and seeking to overturn existing power structures. Despite facing oppression and marginalization, their actions often create change and can be used to improve lives.