D-glucose

D-glucose, also known as dextrose or blood sugar, is a simple sugar (monosaccharide) and the primary fuel source for living organisms. It is a hexose, meaning it contains six carbon atoms, and is an aldohexose, having an aldehyde functional group. d-glucose is essential for cellular respiration, the process by which cells convert it into energy in the form of ATP. It exists in two primary forms, alpha-D-glucose and beta-D-glucose, which differ in the orientation of the hydroxyl group on the first carbon atom. Its metabolism is tightly regulated by hormones like insulin and glucagon to maintain blood glucose levels within a narrow range, essential for proper physiological function.

D-glucose meaning with examples

• During digestion, complex carbohydrates are broken down into d-glucose, which is then absorbed into the bloodstream. The body efficiently uses this sugar to produce energy. This readily available form makes it a key energy supplier.
• Diabetics often monitor their blood d-glucose levels to manage their condition. Measuring blood glucose frequently and adjusting lifestyle choices accordingly is part of their treatment plan, and doctors can adjust medication as needed.
• Athletes consume d-glucose supplements to replenish glycogen stores after intense physical activity and replenish energy after exertion to promote faster recovery and maintain athletic performance.
• In the laboratory, d-glucose is used as a carbon source for growing microorganisms in cell culture. Scientists can monitor how well the cells use this specific fuel by testing how much the d-glucose decreases.